The Detective Chimp Casebook - a DC Comic Book Collection

Detective Chimp is a comic book character few people are likely to know.  To be honest, I really had no idea who he was until DC started to integrate him into some of their supernatural titles, like Shadowpact and Justice League Dark.  Since I have been reading comics with Detective Chimp in them, he has always been able to talk; however, this collection of the great detective's earliest adventures (pre-Crisis) have given me a lot of new insight into the character. Not only do readers get treated to Bobo's origin story (yes, Bobo is his real name), but you get the opportunity to see what kind of character Detective Chimp originally was and how he went about solving mysteries back in the 1950s - quite frankly, it's a real treat!

The Detective Chimp Casebook collects Bobo's adventures from his first appearance in The Adventures of Rex the Wonder Dog # 4 (July/August 1952) to his last regular appearance in # 46 of that same series (September/October 1959), as well as his co-starring role in the "Whatever Happened to...?" back-up feature from DC Comics Presents # 35 (July 1981).  With the exception of issue # 5, Detective Chimp was a regular feature in The Adventures of Rex the Wonder Dog, enjoying 42 adventures, each story six pages in length (well, actually five pages of story, since the first page of each story is basically just an introduction to the story).  All 42 of those stories were written by John Broome, with most of them drawn by Carmine Infantino (who I recognize from his many years working as an artist on DC's The Flash series pre-Crisis).  One story was drawn by Alex Kotzky, while six were drawn by Irwin Hasen.  The series had a number of various inkers, such as Joe Giella, Sy Barry, Bernard Sachs, Alex Kotzky, and Gil Kane - although Infantino did ink a a large amount of his own stories.  The back-up story in DC Comics Presents in 1981 was written by Mike Tiefenbacher and drawn by Gil Kane, who definitely stayed true to Detective Chimp's original stories with regard to characterization and even set up (with Bobo's boss introducing the story).  

In the first tale, "Meet Detective Chimp," readers are introduced to Bobo through Sheriff Edward Chase of Oscaloosa County, Florida.  Now, I must note there is no Oscaloosa County in Florida, but there is an Okaloosa County, so I imagine Broome simply changed a couple of letters when creating his setting.  An actual city is never named.  Most of the stories are actually told by Sheriff Chase, although Bobo does have the opportunity once in a while to narrate his own adventures.  Anyway, in this first adventure, we learn that Bobo was a chimpanzee trained by Fred Thorpe to run errands and perform simple tasks around his animal farm there in Florida.  When Thorpe is murdered, Sheriff Chase is called in by Thorpe's niece to solve the crime.  It turns out, however, that Bobo is the one who leads Chase to the real crook and solves the murder!  This is the one and only 8-page story in the series.

There was no Detective Chimp tale in issue 5 of The Adventures of Rex the Wonder Dog, making me wonder if perhaps it was intended to be a one-off story, but it generated enough positive response that DC brought the simian sleuth back for more adventures starting in issue 6 with "The Return of Detective Chimp."  In this story, Bobo solves the murder of Carlton Meade, a wealthy man who lives on a private island with his daughter.  It's funny, one thing I noticed about these first two stories is that Thorpe's niece in the first one and Meade's daughter in this second one are both blondes who wear red dresses.  This seems to be a recurring theme throughout the series, as most of the young females in Bobo's tales are blondes who tend to be dressed in red.  Not sure if this was intentional or just coincidental.

The stories are anything but complicated, and although there are only five pages within which Broome and Infantino had to tell the tales, they manage to pack a whole lot of story into each one.  The mysteries Bobo solves involve wax museums, circuses, ball parks, fishing boats, horse tracks, animal farms, and various other places.  Bobo also manages to develop quite a lot of hobbies over the course of the series, with each hobby entangling him with a new crime to solve - from spear-fishing to stamp collecting to autograph collecting to trains to airplanes and so much more.  And, just like another popular detective in children's fiction, Bobo is given a number of rewards for his ingenuity and quick-thinking in solving cases, such as a baseball uniform, a jockey's outfit, a cowboy suit, an underwater spear-fishing ensemble, and even a $500 check from the bank where he stopped some robbers from making off with a fortune!

As the series progresses, the adventures become less about Bobo actually "solving" a crime and more about Bobo simply trying to capture crooks (often thieves whose pictures the sheriff receives in the mail to be on the lookout for).  He's a spry little chimp, and he does capture the crooks in some rather funny ways, usually by inadvertence when he pushes something he shouldn't, or leans against something that is not stable, etc.  The antics almost make one think of a typical television show with lots of physical comedy.  Near the end of the run, I think Broome was running out of ideas, because he begins to re-use some plot ideas, such as Bobo solving a crime while playing baseball, or when he stops some criminals while pursuing a fire-fighter dream (and it's odd that the second fire-fighter story has Sheriff Chase in the introduction saying, "The last thing I figured on Bobo taking up was the art of fire-fighting" in the March/April 1959 issue, when Bobo had already done this just three years prior in the January/February 1956 issue, albeit with the forest ranger in that earlier story rather than the fire department in the latter tale - in fact, the two stories have similar names: "Where There's Smoke - There's Trouble" in 1956 and "Where There's Smoke - There's Bobo" in 1959!).

In Detective Chimp's last adventure (September/October 1959), he manages to recapture a couple of criminals he accidentally releases from their jail cell while simultaneously helping his little league team win their big game.  His last thought is, "I hope I'm not around when the boss finds out what happened!" referring to the fact that the crooks who the sheriff came back to find safe in their cell were actually released and nearly escaped if it hadn't been for Bobo's quick thinking and a lot of good luck!

Flash-forward twenty-two years, and an aging Bobo is found meeting his long-time hero, Rex the Wonder Dog, in the back-up tale "Whatever Happened to ... Rex the Wonder Dog?" in DC Comics Presents # 35.  Bobo and Rex team-up to stop a couple of thieves from taking off with $10,000 in charity receipts from the circus where Rex was performing, and in the process, they happen across the fabled Fountain of Youth.  After drinking the water from the fountain, both Rex and Bobo are restored to their more youthful days, giving the Detective Chimp a new lease on life in Florida, where he was able to continue "making monkeys out of local criminals," as his DC Comics' Who's Who entry says.

In the back of this collection are a few covers on which the Detective Chimp has appeared over the years, including three issues of Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle, which reprinted three early Detective Chimp tales ("The Return of Detective Chimp," "A Whistle for Bobo!" and "Bobo's New York Adventure").  There is also a reprint of the Detective Chimp page from the original Who's Who: The Definitive Directory of the DC Universe, which gives fans some personal information and a history of the character.

All-in-all, this is a spectacular collection, which spotlights a lesser known character that definitely deserves the spotlight.  These are the types of collections DC Comics should be doing, providing fans with some reprints of the golden and silver age of comics, with a variety of colorful characters that deserve to be revived for new generations to read and enjoy!

RATING:  10 homemade jungle gyms out of 10 for good, clean, fun, and zany adventures of a chimpanzee with more talent for solving crimes than a dedicated small-town sheriff!

The Secret of Stonehouse - a Gothic novel for young adults

I honestly cannot tell you where I got this book or when I got this book.  I've had it for quite a while, and the only thing I know is that I picked it up some years ago because the cover had a very slight resemblance to the cover of the fifth Nancy Drew mystery, The Secret at Shadow Ranch - a young woman on a horse, looking back at a foreboding house.  It has been sitting on my shelf for years, and I finally decided it was high time I read the book.  Coincidentally enough, this book was published by Tempo Books, a division of Grosset & Dunlap, the same publisher who was publishing the Nancy Drew books back in 1973 when this book was published (the text copyright is actually 1968, meaning this is a later edition of the story).  Thus, with all of these things running around in my head, I sat down to read the story...

 

the secret of stonehouse (yes, all of the letters are lowercase in the title) tells the story of Heather Mackenna, a young girl from Scotland who has been moved by her uncle Donald around the world to live in the small town of Sky Lake, Wisconsin for reasons unknown.  As the mystery opens, Heather is pondering her fate, wondering why her uncle has moved her to such a remote location, forcing her to give up the only home she ever knew in Scotland, leave her grandmother behind, and probably hardest of all, leave her horse, Lady, behind.  It does not make sense, and her uncle Donald refuses to explain.  (We must stop a moment here and acknowledge that "uncle Donald" is not clearly defined in the beginning - Heather always refers to him simply as Donald, but he refers to himself as her father, and at a later point in the story we learn he is her uncle - her father simply dumped her off with Donald when she was but a wee lass and took off, never to be seen again!)

 

The mystery here centers around Donald's strange behavior since they arrived at Sky Lake.  He warns Heather not to tell anyone she was adopted, and more strange is his reaction to her telling him about the abandoned stone house she and a neighbor boy explored when they were riding horses (Heather makes friends with Gus, a boy whose family lives on the neighboring farm and whose horse, Cloudy, Heather has taken a liking to).  Heather is struggling to fit in, and her uncle is not making it easy.  But the story takes a darker turn when someone nearly runs Heather and Cloudy over the side of a bridge, and then someone breaks into their house when Donald is away, forcing Heather to climb out a window and run to Gus's house to seek help.  And just how does all of this tie into the story Heather has been told about the family who owned the stone house ... how the father was killed ... the baby daughter was kidnapped and later found dead, with only her clothes floating in the lake ... and the death of the mother shortly thereafter.  The caretaker still lives on the property, taking care of the house...

 

While it's not overly difficult to figure out what is going on, it's the journey of following along with Heather as she slowly puts all the pieces together.  The one thing that had me stumped was just how old is Heather?  From the start, it seemed she must be in her late teens or early twenties, as there is no mention of school, and her actions and freedom seem to indicate a young lady not long after graduation.  However, I was completely taken back when, at the beginning of Chapter 7, it says that Heather was happier than normal because "[t]omorrow was her fifteenth birthday, and her birthdays were always an occasion in the Mackenna family" (p. 84).  It was at this point that I realized this was not your typical gothic novel, and in fact, it may not have been intended to be a gothic tale at all.  Sure, it has all of the elements - a dark, foreboding house with secrets in his dark history ... a young woman terrorized by an unknown assailant ... and a man in her life that may or may not be the threat behind her troubles.  But the age of the main character derails it somewhat, and makes me wonder if the book was merely repackaged with a gothic-style cover to help sell it during the height of the gothic paperback era.

 

Regardless, the story is well-written and a good read.  Lynn Hall, in this case, is the author's real name and not a pseudonym.  She has written a number of books for young adults that feature horses and other animals.  This book appears to be one of her earlier publications, as many of her books appear to have been published in the 1970s, 1980s, and even into the 1990s. One of her books, The Mysterious Moortown Bridge (published 1980), happens to have been illustrated by Ruth Sanderson, my favorite illustrator and cover artist of the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories.

The cover art does have an artist signature of "FMA" - who, coincidentally did cover art for two Bomba, the Jungle Boy books that were reprinted by Grosset & Dunlap in the late 1970s. This would lead one to assume the artist was someone Grosset & Dunlap contracted with on a somewhat regular basis.  Some research online reveals FMA may be Francesco M. Accornero (1938-2020), who was apparently an Italian-born paperback cover artist who provided covers across many genres and was known as "Franco."  Interestingly, most of his romance cover art appears to have been signed as "Franco," so perhaps it was his earlier art that was signed under his initials of "FMA."  In any event, the cover here is definitely spooky, although it is interesting to note the variation on the gothic trope, since there is no light in any upstairs window of the house; rather, the only light appears to be coming from the partially opened front door.

While the book is definitely a young adult novel, I'd still say it's a good gothic read.

RATING:  8 cocoa-colored stuffed horses out of 10 for giving young adults a taste of the gothic genre, with the right amount of suspense and mystery!

Agatha, Girl of Mystery #3 - The King of Scotland's Sword

It's been a bit since I last went adventuring with young Agatha Mistery, so I figured it was high time to pick up another one of her books.  This fun little series from Italy, written by Sir Steve Stevenson and translated by Siobhan Tracy, with plenty of great illustrations by Stefano Turconi, is not heavy reading by any means, but it is enjoyable reading that will bring a smile to your face.  With characters named Agatha, Dash, Watson, and Chandler, it's obvious the author is paying homage to some of the world's greatest mystery authors, and the mysteries themselves share some similarities with some of the stories written by those greats.  Agatha may only be a twelve-year old aspiring mystery writer, but she's intelligent, observant, quick-thinking, and talented, and she can solve any mystery in 125 pages or less!

The King of Scotland's Sword is Agatha Mistery's third mystery, and this time, she and her cousin Dash (two years older than her) are staying with their grandfather Ian Mistery, who lives outside of Edinburgh, Scotland.  Our world traveling sleuths are given yet another mystery to solve when Dash's school sends him an urgent assignment - a valuable sword has been stolen from Dunnottar Castle in Aberdeen!  The sword on belonged to Robert the Bruce, the legendary king of Scotland, and it holds great sentimental value for the natives.  What makes this mystery to hard to solve is that all but one of the guests and employees at the castle all suddenly fell asleep at once, and when they awoke, the sword was missing!  Who came in and stole the sword while everyone was sleeping?  And how will Agatha, Dash, Chandler, and grandfather Ian solve the crime before nightfall?  They had better find a way, because if they do not, then poor Dash will fail his detective class!

With this mystery, Stevenson gives his readers a form of "locked room" style mystery, of which Agatha Christie was a master at telling.  An entire room full of witnesses were all somehow made to fall asleep at the same time, during which time the thief came in, removed the famous sword from its glass case without damaging the glass or its casing, and took off with his prize without anyone seeing.  And the only way in and out of the castle was guarded by two police officers (outside the walls of the castle, so they were not asleep).  The only person who avoided falling asleep was the professor's assistant, Ms. Ross, who had gone out to her car to find her purse, as they contained some very important papers the professor needed.  When she came back in after her fruitless search, she found everyone on the floor asleep and the sword gone!  She had not seen anyone come or go, nor did the police - so whodunnit?

Agatha's (and the reader's!) detecting skills are put to the test in trying to solve this crime before dusk falls.  Where was Ms. Ross's purse, which she claims she lost?  Did she lose it, or was that merely a ruse to get out of the castle before everyone fell asleep?  Who could have taken the sword without damaging the glass casing?  It must have been an inside job, but who?  Professor Cunningham, the antique dealer who organized the exhibit? The Earl of Duncan or the oil millionaire Angus Snodgrass, the investors who put up the money for the exhibit?  Director MacKenzie, who ran the exhibit?  The man who claims to have heard a gunshot?  The woman who claims to have seen a ghost walking upside-down on the ceiling? The painter who heard a wolf howl in the hall?  There are plenty of suspects, and limited clues - like the straw, the golf ball, and the peacock feather Agatha and Dash find outside ... the glint of metal at the bottom of the well ... and the secret passage that leads down to the beach at the bottom of the cliff ...

It's a fun romp through an ancient Scottish castle and its grounds as Agatha puts together the pieces of the puzzle, and once they all fit, calls together everyone (like her namesake always did in her stories!) to reveal the identity of the culprit and explain how he put everyone to sleep and managed to sneak the sword out of the castle without anyone seeing him!  Definitely a mystery worthy of Ms. Christie herself!

RATING:  9 deflated balloons out of 10 for a well-crafted mystery that features a hot-air balloon ride, a search through a dark tunnel, and a race against time to solve a seemingly unsolvable crime!

A Zebra Mystery Puzzler #7 - The Curse of the Golden Skull

And so we come to the second Zebra Mystery Puzzler written by Ronald Joseph Goulart under the pen name Josephine Kains.  And again, I absolutely love the title, so reminiscent of those Nancy Drew and Hardy Boys' titles of yesteryear.  Plus, with the return of Goulart/Kains comes the return of that intrepid reporter, Terry Spring, and her wonderful producer, Jess Berkeley, as well as her always-hungry, girl-loving cameraman, Chavez.  These three make a fantastic detective trio, and their adventures are so much fun to read.

The Curse of the Golden Skull takes our threesome on a cruise to the Caribbean islands, where they are sent to cover a unique Voodoo Cruise for the news channel for which Terry works.  It seems like a great opportunity to mix a little pleasure with business, especially when Chavez meets a beautiful young woman, Claire Traynor.  But he will have to get past her overbearing aunt and their devoted housekeeper if he has any hopes of spending time with her.  Of course, his chances become greater when the Traynors' housekeeper is found dead in her cabin, apparently beaten to death with a cane ... a cane that looks suspiciously like that of an elderly, veiled woman that everyone had seen on the cruise when it first set sail!  Thus, it looks like the cruise will be making an extended stop at Sombra Island, the very island where Claire is headed to take ownership of the castle she has inherited from her recently deceased uncle - a castle that comes with stories of a hidden pirate treasure and a cursed skull!

There's definitely plenty of mystery in this book, and Terry, Jess, and Chavez are all right there in this thick of it.  Terry's involvement begins on the cruise when she saves Claire from an attempt on her life as a dark figure attempts to push her overboard in the dead of night - the very same night her housekeeper is murdered.  The question is, who killed the housekeeper and why?  And who was the veiled woman who bought a one way ticket to Sombra Island and where did she disappear to in the middle of the ocean?  And how is the housekeeper's murder connected with the attempt on Claire's life - or is it?  And will Chavez ever be able to convinced Claire's aunt to let him spend even five minutes alone with the woman?  These and more questions will fill your mind as you read this mystery.

Now, I will admit, this one is a fairly simple mystery to solve.  Well, at least part of it is.  The identity of the murderer is pretty obvious from the beginning, and there is a blatant clue glaring at the reader on the cover and second internal illustration on page 33 that pretty much gives it away.  However, that does not make the story any less enjoyable to read.  Goulart manages to throw in an over-zealous magician who catches Jess's eye, a less than honest tour guide who has ulterior motives for stopping at Sombra Island, and a potentially dangerous ex-boyfriend that keeps pushing his way into Claire's life.  We also get a dark castle on a stormy night - what better setting for a mystery to play itself out!  Add in a gold skull that holds the key to finding a centuries-old treasure, a coded message that will lead the one who solves it to the treasure, and a hidden room in an underground vault that reveals a (not-so) surprising secret about Claire's past that answers a question about her father's murder so many years ago.

The internal illustrations are beautiful, much more so than that last couple of books.  The artist is actually identified in one of the illustrations (p. 158) as Luke Ryan - which is the name of the illustrator who did the internals for the second book in this series (The Final Ring).  Not sure if Kensington (Zebra) had a group of artists in house, or if they farmed the work out, but they really should have used Ryan's art for all of the books in this series!  It is outstanding.  Probably my favorite of all Ryan's illustrations in this book, though, is found on page 114, which features a man Chavez and Jess believe to be a zombie - and that zombie bears an uncanny resemblance to actor Lon Cheney Jr as the wolfman!  No fooling - if you don't believe me, go Google the actor and his role and then compare it to this image.  You'll see I'm telling the truth.

Seven books into this series, and I definitely know now why I enjoyed these so much back as a kid.  The stories are fast-paced, the mysteries are enjoyable, and the recurring sleuths give them a feeling of continuity.  While it seems most of the authors are men writing under female pseudonyms, I give them credit for creating well-rounded, female protagonists who I really like reading, and who I can't wait to read their next adventures.

RATING:  9 yellow pearlized hatpins out of 10 for a near-gothic style mystery of dark castles, hidden rooms, buried treasures, cursed skulls, and voodoo magic!

A Rather Lovely Inheritance - first in a series of "Rather" mysteries

I came across this series because I was actually looking for a completely different series - but it just so happens that the title character in both series share the same name - Penny Nichols!  For those who don't know, Penny Nichols was a four-book series published by Goldsmith back in the 1930s, written by Mildred Wirt (Benson) under the pseudonym of Joan Clark. It featured a spunky teen detective and her private investigator father who solved mysteries, much in the vein of Nancy Drew (who first appeared at the beginning of that decade).  It apparently did not have the sales to warrant an ongoing series, and after only four books, the series ceased publication.  I have had those four books for quite a while, have read and enjoyed them all, and have never really given much thought to the actual name of the title character (i.e., the fact that her name is actually two coins - "penny" and "nickel").  Now, flash forward to this year, and while strolling through Amazon, I happened across a series of mysteries by author C.A. Belmond whose title character is named ... you guessed it ... Penny Nichols!  Not too long ago, I read a graphic novel with the same-named character (Penny Nichols), and now I found this relatively new series of novels with Penny Nichols.  So, I have to ask - why is this name suddenly becoming popular again?

A Rather Lovely Inheritance is written by an author who has experience with making documentaries, and thus, her protagonist's position as a historical researcher on documentaries of women of the past could possibly  have been drawn upon Belmond's own experiences in the film industry.  Even if that is not the case, Penny Nichols' work plays a large part of the story, and it also adds some humorous elements to an otherwise very dramatic tale.  Penny's father is the son of a war hero who married a French woman.  Penny's mother, Nancy, is from England, but she has lived in the States since she was eighteen and married Georges Nichols after she moved to New York to pursue a career in art.  Penny is named after her Great-Aunt Penelope, and it is a name she hates - after all, who names their child Penny Nichols (say it out loud and you'll understand)?  But, she's stuck with it, so she makes the best of it.

This first entry into the series of "Rather" mysteries centers around the death of Great-Aunt Penelope and her will.  It seems Penelope was very specific about her bequests and who they should go to.  Her spend-thrift nephew Rollo inherited the bank assets, while Penny's parents received Penelope's London apartment and all of its furnishings.  This seemed to cause no problems (even after learning that Penny's parents did not want the apartment and had already informed the lawyers to transfer everything into Penny's name).  However, when it came to the will governing Penelope's assets in France - well, that's another story.  Penny's cousin Jeremy inherited Penelope's villa, while Rollo inherited the contents of the villa.  Penny, on the other hand, inherited the garage attached to the villa and all the contents.  Which really did not make much sense, as Penny could not imagine anything in a garage that would be of any importance to her.  Rollo and his mother grew outraged and threatened to contest the French will, and Jeremy (who Penny had been friends with since their childhood) assured Penny they would not present any real problem.

Boy, was Jeremy wrong!

Surprisingly, the mystery here was not a murder mystery that I expected.  Instead the mystery centers around the French inheritance, a stolen photograph from the London apartment, a rare 1936 Dragonetta (which does not appear to be a real car, but one simply made up for the story - at least, from what I could find online), a missing painting, and a dark family secret that could change everything.  There's also a break-in at the London apartment, during which Penny gets nabbed and thrust into the bathroom while the thief makes his escape - a break-in that leaves Penny questioning who she can trust and whether anyone really is who they say they are!  But, just like her 1930s namesake, Penny is determined and unwilling to back down, so she sets about to uncover the truth about her great-aunt's past, her childhood friend's real family heritage, and the importance of the contents of the garage she was willed.  And by the end of the book, Penny is in for a number of surprises, all of which will definitely change her life!

The story is a very enjoyable read, and the characters extremely likable.  The cast and crew of the documentary on which Penny is working in England when she receives the call about her great-aunt's passing are all just a bit over-the-top - but not so much as to make any of them unbelievable.  Rather, they are just zany enough to give the story some humorous elements and remind the reader that not everything the world is all doom and gloom.  Erik, the set designer, and Timothy, the prop-master, are probably my two favorites of the group.  Their reaction to Penny's inheritance (and Erik's reaction to Jeremy!) are hilarious.  

Now, one last thing I have to wonder about the use of the name Penny Nichols...  I purchased the book because of the name being the same as that of Mildred Wirt's sleuth in the 1930s.  What I did not expect to find was the following passage in this book:

Actually, the name may strike you as familiar, if you were the kind of kid who liked to read children's detective stories.  Because not only did my parents give me this ridiculous name, they also took it into their heads to invent Penny Nichols, Girl Detective - a picture-book character supposedly based on me.

 

She was a spunky little sleuth who went around snooping for her friends and neighbors, solving scientific puzzles and natural phenomena as if they were murder mysteries and crimes and kidnappings, by using deduction and logic, certainly, but also memory and intuition and instinct.  She carried around a magnifying glass, and she had cooper-colored hair like mine, which she wore in pigtails.  (p. 10)

Reading this, one might wonder if perhaps Belmond actually did utilize the name "Penny Nichols" as a way to pay homage to that original 1930s crime-solving teen.  That, and the fact that in this series, Penny's mother is named "Nancy" - and it's pretty common knowledge at this point that Mildred Wirt (Benson) was the original ghostwriter who breathed life into Nancy Drew, the ultimate girl sleuth.  Sure, it could all be a coincidence, but is it really...?

I would say this book is a must-read for mystery fans, as it is a wonderful break from all the murder mysteries on the market, it introduces a wonderful new female sleuth, it is well-written, and it is truly engaging.

RATING:  10 long-forgotten unmailed letters out of 10 for giving an old-fashioned mystery name a new lease on life!

The Moving Picture Girls Under the Palms, or Lost in the WIlds of Florida (The Moving Picture Girls No. 4)

The Stratemeyer Syndicate published a number of series under the pen name of author "Laura Lee Hope," and the Moving Picture Girls is just one of them.  The series ran from 1914 to 1916, for a total of seven books.  Original published by Grosset & Dunlap, like so many other series back in the day, it was later reprinted by other publishers, including World Syndicate (which is the editions I have).  Although I have all seven books (in dust jacket, which I consider myself to be fortunate!), I decided to pick up this fourth book in the series, since it is set in Florida.  It has been fun to read all of these children's series books set in Florida and see just how many real references are used and how many fictional settings are created.  Unlike the Outdoor Girls' adventure in Florida, which was littered with one fictional place after another, this series actually utilized a number of actual locations.

The Moving Picture Girls Under the Palms, or Lost in the Wilds of Florida tells the story of Ruth and Alice DeVere's adventures in the Sunshine State with the film company for whom they are employed, along with their father.  In the first chapter, the girls (and the rest of the acting troupe) learn from the company's manager, Frank Pertrell, that they will all be heading to Florida aboard a "steamer" to film their next dramas (p. 4).  Most everyone is excited about the prospect, and Ruth and Alice are even confident that the warm weather of Florida will help improve their father's health (which seems a bit familiar to part of the plot from The Outdoor Girls in Florida).  But right off the bat, things start to go wrong - first, one of the actors falls overboard from the ship, and then a fire in the lower decks forces all of the passengers to be ferried to another steamboat for the remainder of the journey to St. Augustine.

From the moment the troupe arrives in Florida, I perked up and started paying attention to everywhere the girls and their fellow actors went.  The mere mention of arriving in St. Augustine by way of Jacksonville - and their intended travel later down to Lake Kissimmee - well, I was anxious to see what real locales from these places would be mentioned.  Right off the bat, the girls hear about Fort Marion (Historic Fort Marion) and Fort Mantanzas (Historic Fort Mantanzas), two historic sites where the crew would be filming scenes for their movies (p. 66).  And when the girls go exploring, they decide to travel down St. George Street to see the Old City Gates (p. 67), which turns out to be exactly where the gates are located (St. Augustine Old City Gates).  The girls also pay a visit to an orange grove, said to be just a short distance from the city gates (p. 70).  While the Garnetts' orange grove was quite famous back in the day, it has since been sold off and is no longer there (St. Augustine Orange Groves).  And, of course, one cannot mention St. Augustine without mentioning the Fountain of Youth, to which the girls pay a visit (p. 73).  Of course, the book describes the fountain being located on Myrtle Avenue, when in reality it is located on Magnolia Avenue (Historic Fountain of Youth).  But let's not quibble about names...

There are a number of other factual descriptions on the story, from the old guard room and dungeon of Fort Marion to the alligator farm on Anastasia, and from Lake Kissimmee along the Kissimmee River to Lake Okeechobee.  The only hiccup I found in the locales was the mention of Sycamore, which is said to be a small town near Lake Kissimmee (p. 102).  In reality, Sycamore is a town located up in the panhandle of Florida, and well over 300 miles away from Lake Kissimmee!  However, this is a minor detail, as we certainly can't expect the author to keep all points in the story exactly as they are in the real world!  And this slight discrepancy certainly does not take away from the enjoyment of the story.  I mean, after all, these girls and their friends and fellow actors are making silent films at the turn of the century right here in Florida!  And I will admit, it took me a minute to put the film making into context with the time period, because I kept wondering why the manager was yelling out directions while the cameras were rolling, until I remember that in 1914, films did not yet have sound!  Thus, it would have been natural for directors to be calling out things to the actors from behind the cameras to keep the action and story moving.

The story itself involved only a slight mystery - it seems that two young women that Ruth and Alice had previously met on a train (perhaps in a previous book?  this story is not quite clear on that point) have gone missing, and it just so happens that they went missing from Lake Kissimmee!  As the story goes, the two women went out to gather rare wild flowers and were never heard from again (p. 103).  The locals and even their own family believe they were lost in the everglades, and all hope was given up of finding the two.  Now, it is funny that they are said to be lost in the everglades, as a similar plot actually plays out many years later in the 161st Nancy Drew mystery, aptly titled Lost in the Everglades.  In that story, a young woman goes off alone backwater camping and disappears.  Was that story lifted from this one?  Who's to say...  But the fact the two girls in this story were hoping to find a rare orchid actually has a ring of truth to it, since the Vandeae orchid, which also has a part of its tribe the holy grail of all orchid-hunters, the "ghost orchid," is said to be local to Florida (The Ghost Orchid).  Thus, yet another touch of reality thrown into a fictional tale.

The overall story does have some resemblances to The Outdoor Girls in Florida (published just one year prior to this one, also under the pen name of Laura Lee Hope!).  As indicated above, both stories feature a character who comes to Florida in the hopes of improving their health; both stories feature boat trips through the everglades, with fearful encounters with alligators; both stories feature a man/boy in tattered/ragged clothes who comes to the rescue of the girls with a gun; both stories find the girls getting lost on the river after getting all turned around following a picnic amid the everglades; and in both stories, the girls do not really play much of a part in solving the mystery - they merely stumble upon the missing individuals.  In fact, there is even a humorous reference to the fact that the two missing girls are described as real "outdoor girls" (p. 106).  Perhaps that was a slight nod by the author to the actual Outdoor Girls, who themselves got lost while boating in the everglades.

I would be remiss if I did not also bring attention to the similarities to the frontis piece illustration of both The Outdoor Girls in Florida and this book.  In The Outdoor Girls, the scene depicted shows a manatee taking off with the girls' boat, having been caught in the anchor rope.  A man in a canoe stand ready to take a shot at the manatee in order to free the girls' boat.  In this book, we see Ruth and Alice in a boat with Paul Ardite, a fellow actor and love interest of Alice, and the boat is being pulled by a manatee who is caught in the anchor line, while in the background, Russ Dalwood, the film operator, is just filming away.  It is funny that both scenes feature a manatee tangled in the boat's ropes and unwittingly pulling the boat away from where it should be.  The only difference is, in The Moving Picture Girls' story, Russ tells them to let the manatee pull them as he continues to film it, believing it will make for good drama.  And in The Moving Picture Girls, instead of using a gun to shoot at the manatee, Paul uses his oar to simply nudge the manatee to go under and ultimately loosen itself from the anchor line, thus freeing it without any injury.  I find it too much of a coincidence that the same scene would basically play itself out in both books (and in both stories, the girls are fearful at first that it is an alligator that has snagged hold of their boat!), and even much more than a coincidence that both books, just a year apart, would have basically the same scene as their frontis piece!

Two final observations I wish to make on this book.  First, I find the presence of the omniscent narrator making his/her voice known throughout the book rather interesting.  Perhaps this was more common back in the early 1900s, but to have the narrator break the fourth wall and speak directly to the reader, thus breaking out of the story itself, is rather odd.  This occurs in a big way in Chapter Two, in which the narrator point blank addresses the reader:  "...may I take just a few moments to acquaint my new readers with something of the former books of this series?" (p. 12).  And with that question, the narrator proceeds to give brief synopses of the first three books in the series, providing not only titles, but also plot details and outcomes of those stories.  The narrator then goes on to provide brief descriptions of each character who plays a part in the story, from Ruth and Alice, along with their father, to all of the members of the film troupe!  This becomes a four-page break in the story that basically has the narrator speaking directly to the reader.  There are other moments in the book where the narrator breaks in to give reasons for jumps in time or to simply skip portions of the troupe's activities that the narrator does not believe to be important to the reader nor the story.  It gives the overall a book a sense of being told to the reader, rather than an adventure the reader is actually taking part with, and the closest thing I can compare it to would the television show, Young Sheldon, where the older version of the character narrates each episode, sometimes interjecting his own personal thoughts into the events of the episode.

The second observation I wanted to make is the reference in this book, as well as The Outdoor Girls in Florida, to orange blossoms.  In both stories, the girls make comments about orange blossoms in connection with their trip to Florida, and in both instances, the references seem to have a relation to thoughts of marriage (p. 69).  I did not realize this, but after a bit of research, I discovered that orange blossoms, "[l]ike the white gown, have been associated with weddings for centuries because the flower symbolizes virtue, love, and fertility" (Orange Blossom Brides).  I guess, as the saying goes, you learn something new every day!

I definitely enjoyed this story much more than The Outdoor Girls, and despite the similarities, the actual writing of the books appears different, leaving me to believe this book was not written by Howard Garis, who wrote The Outdoor Girls' adventure in Florida.  I was not able to find any identification as to the ghostwriter for this book, but perhaps someone out there has some information and can share it one day!

RATING:  8 dangerous bogs of quicksand out of 10 for a fun romp through St. Augustine and the Everglades, with a bit of historical film antics thrown in for good measure!

The Outdoor Girls in Florida (Book Five of The Outdoor GIrls Series)

My journey through series books set in Florida continues, this time with another series that I have yet to read before - The Outdoor Girls!  Another Stratemeyer Syndicate series which used the pseudonym Laura Lee Hope as the author (the same pen name was used for The Bobbsey Twins, the Bunny Brown series, the Moving Picture Girls series, the Blythe Girls series, the Six Little Bunkers series, and the Make-Believe Stories series), The Outdoor Girls is a 23-volume series.  According to Jennifer White's website (The Outdoor Girls), the first six books (which would include this one) were written by Howard Garis, while the remaining seventeen books in the series were written by Elizabeth M. Duffield Ward, both of whom were prolific authors of children's series back in the day.  I was not really sure what to expect with this book, having never read any of this series, but I definitely was expecting more than what I ended up getting.

The Outdoor Girls in Florida is the fifth book in the series, and it features the four main girls - Betty Nelson (sometimes referred to by her friends and the narrator as "The Little Captain"), Mollie Bilette, Grace Ford, and Amy Stonington (a/k/a Blackford - as she apparently discovered in an earlier book that she was adopted when her real brother finds her).  The mystery begins with Grace and her family receiving the news that Grace's older brother, Will, has gone missing from their Uncle Isaac's home in Georgia.  The story plays with the emotions of the Ford family, as well as the readers, as the roller coaster has everyone worried for the missing boy; then they receive a delayed letter from Will that indicates he went to Florida to strike out on his own; then they receive notification that is a cry for help, as the men he signed on to work for turned out to be contractor with a bad reputation and he has been kidnapped!  And while all of these exchanges are taking place, the girls are planning a trip to Florida with Amy's family, who are considering buying an orange grove in the Sunshine State.

Thus, readers anticipate the mystery will find the girls searching the Everglades of Florida in the hopes of finding Grace's missing brother.  Well, as it turns out, the girls do very little in terms of searching for Will; rather, it seems they get caught up in a number of escapades that eventually lead them to make contact with a young scamp who happens to be trying to help someone he refers to as "the other one" - who, of course, turns out to be Will Ford.  But the girls take no active role in actually seeking out Grace's brother, which surprised me.  I was expecting them to find clues, follow up on them, and eventually locate the evil contractor and save the day; instead, they are merely a conduit by which the young boy (referred to cruelly by the contractor and his men as "the Loon" because he has some mental disabilities!) is able to obtain help from Amy's father (or rather, her "uncle") to rescue not only Will, but also another young man who goes missing when he takes the girls on a trip along the river.  The only "danger" that the girls faced in the book is when they see an alligator in the river (it does not attack them, though); when their boat is nearly stolen by a manatee; when they find themselves stuck between two sleeping alligators and a stream filled with snakes (none of which make any attempt to approach the girls); and when they get lost trying to make their way home from the island where Tom disappears.  Otherwise, the girls have no real difficulties during the course of the story.

Other than passing references to Palm Beach (p. 26), Indian River (p. 26), and Jacksonville (p. 36), all of the locales the girls visit in Florida are fictional (they never actually visit the real cities/counties named).  The orange grove where they stay is located near the town of "Bentonville" (p. 45) on the "Mayfair River" that empties into "Lake Chad" (p. 45).  A contractor tells the girls he lives upriver about ten miles in a place called "Penbrook" (p. 97).  None of these fictional places are given a clear pinpoint in the state, other than the reference to the fact that the Everglades can be reached by taking the river further on.  This was disappointing, after reading several mysteries recently which were set in actual cities and referred to real sites within the stories.  Alas, perhaps Garis told when he was writing the story to stay away from using real locations in order to give the story more creative freedom with the descriptions and the events that take place.  The only indication of where the story might take place is the fact that the girls do get tangled up with a manatee (depicted on the cover and the frontis piece, taken from page 126 of the story) - and since this takes place during the girls' winter holiday, it gives readers a time frame within which to gauge.  According to the Florida Wildlife Conservation Commission, the manatee head for warmer waters, usually found near springs throughout Florida - such as Blue Springs State Park in Orange City, the Crystal River National Wildlife Refuge in Crystal River, and even Lee County Manatee Park in Fort Myers (Manatee in Florida). So, it can be guessed perhaps the girls are somewhere in Central Florida.

And since we are on the topic of the cover and internal - the illustration is the same.  My copy of the book has the duo-tone cover rather than the full color art.  The scene shows the young man in ragged clothes rescuing the girls' boat from a manatee that got tangled up in the anchor rope and was slowly pulling the boat away.  In the book, he takes a shot at the manatee with his gun (p. 127), something that would probably shock a lot of readers today, since manatee are considered to be an endangered species.  What I found surprising about the internal illustration is that the fronti piece is on glossy paper; however, the two internal illustrations are just plain paper illustrations (p. 76 and p. 153).  I don't believe I've ever come across a book that has mixed internals like that - usually they are all glossy or all plain.

A couple of final things to note: there is a moment early in the book,when it is discovered that Will Ford is missing, and the girls feel discouraged.  Mollie makes the comment, "Yes, girls always seem so - so helplessly at a time like this ... Oh, I wish I were a - man!" (p. 60).  This kind of statement is definitely a product of its time (this book was published in 1913), when girls were not thought to be of the same caliber or strength as men, and in fact, were thought to be more delicate and of lesser capabilities.  So, for Mollie to wish she were a man so she would go out and help search for Grace's brother would have been natural back then.  In today's world, of course, the Outdoor Girls would traipse off on their own without a second thought to search for the missing boy!  Another element of the story that dates the book is the "comfortable-looking" colored "mammy" who is named "Aunt Hannah" (p. 72).  Such a racial stereotype is highly offensive by today's standards; but back in 1913, readers would have read this line without even a second thought.  

Last, but not least, I must mention a comment made by Amy's brother, who makes a brief visit to Florida to see the girls.  He reports everything is fine back home in Deepdale, but also reports that "those old friends of yours, Alice Jallow and Kittie Rossmore, have started a sort of automobile club. I guess they're trying to rival you" (p. 115).  I find this line amusing, since there was a six-book published by Altemus from 1910-1913 (ending the same year this book was published) called "The Automobile Girls," written by Laura Dent Crane (likely a pseudonym, although I have no clue who the real author was).  In that particular series, there were four girls (just like the Outdoor Girls), and two of those girls happened to be named Mollie and Grace (just like the Outdoor Girls).  One has to wonder if the line was thrown into the book as a little jab at the then-cancelled series by Crane.

RATING:  6 orange blossoms and brides out of 10 for a somewhat fun adventure in Florida, albeit a very fictional one.